Development of synthesis process of novel composite nanotubes using ion irradiation technique
We have succeeded the development of synthesis process of novel composite nanotubes, which are consisted of different crystal states or new microstructures, using ion irradiation technique.
Date:2015/6/26 | Nuclear Engineering Research Collaboration Center
Great progress toward the practical use of 99mTc produced by neutrons from an accelerator
The distribution of 99mTc-radiopharmaceutical in mouse was obtained with SPECT using 99mTc, which was separated by thermochromatography from 99Mo, (n,2n)99Mo, produced by using neutrons from an accelerator. The SPECT image was comparable with that obtained from a fission product 99Mo. The results provide important evidence that 99mTc radiopharmaceutical formulated using (n,2n)99Mo can be a promising substitute for the fission product 99Mo.
Date:2015/6/1 | Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute
Technical assistance for ion beam breeding in JAEA-Takasaki contributed to develop new flower varieties in private sectors.
In order to contribute to the promotion of agriculture through the strengthening of brand power of agricultural products that are owned by local regions and companies, JAEA assigned personnel with sophisticated expertise for providing technical assistance for the users from private organizations and companies, who are trying to develop new varieties. As part of the efforts on ion-beam breeding (development of useful varieties by mutagenesis with ion beams), Ama Flower Glowers Associations (Aichi prefecture), Seikoen Co., Ltd. (Hiroshima prefecture), and The Yokohama Nursery Co., Ltd. (Kanagawa prefecture) succeeded in developing new flower varieties and commercialized them.
Mechanism for reentrant superconductivity under high magnetic field. -Manipulating electronic state by magnetic field-
URhGe is unique since the reentrant of superconductivity under high magnetic field is observed. The mechanism of reentrant superconductivity is investigated using NMR.
Nitric oxide, a trigger molecule of radiation-induced bystander effect, is a new potential target for reducing the adverse effects of cancer radiotherapy
Bystander effect manifests cell death and the other harmful effects in non-irradiated cells that are close to irradiated cells via intercellular communication. In this study, we have found that the bystander effect is dependent on the yields of nitric oxide and its specific scavenger can suppress the effect completely.
New technology comes into the world to realize stronger and brighter X-ray than ever. - Strong X-ray is created by a hundred million colisions per second of electron beam and laser pulse. -
We have demonstrated 162.5 millions collisions per second of the electron beam and laser beam with small spot size by use of the energy recovery linac (cERL) and have succeeded to generate monochromatic X-ray beam. This result opens up door of new generation X-ray source as new probe and observation tools.
Why can common reed grow even in salty water? Exclusion of sodium ions in the root was observed with a positron imaging technique.
By using a positron-emitting tracer imaging system (PETIS) and 22Na radiotracer, movement of sodium ions (Na+) in the plant bodies was visualized in salt-sensitive rice and highly salt-tolerant common reed, a wild species in the same family of rice. It was elucidated that common reed has a constitutive function of Na+ exclusion by strong base-to-tip recirculation in the root and excretion to the soil.
Direct observation of electron spins in non-magnetic substances - Potential of positron beam -
Using spin-polarized positron beam, we succeeded in observing spin alignment in non-magnetic substances under dc current application and thereby we demonstrated the potential of positron beam in spintronics study.
The first-time measurement of the first ionization potential of lawrencium (element 103) - Unraveling Relativistic Effects in the Heaviest Actinide Element -
We report that the experimentally obtained the first ionization potential of the heaviest actinide, lawrencium (Lr, atomic number 103), is 4.96eV. The value was measured with Lr-256 (half-life 27 seconds) using an efficient surface ion-source and a radioisotope detection system coupled to a mass separator at the JAEA tandem accelerator. The measured ionization potential is in excellent agreement with the value predicted here by state-of-the-art relativistic calculations.
Date:2015/3/12 | Nuclear Science and Engineering Center
Completion of "JAEA CHART OF THE NUCLIDES 2014" covering nuclear decay data
“JAEA CHART OF THE NUCLIDES” covering the latest nuclear decay data have been extensively improved. This chart of the nuclides stores nuclear decay data such as half-lives. They are based on the measured data of 3,150 nuclides as well as theoretically predicted ones of 1,578 nuclides. The chart of nuclides not only provides information for frontier of the study on nucleus itself but also gives opportunity for education by asking “How are the elements in the universe created?”.
Laser accelerates iron nuclei at one go-off ! - Can lasers be the novel tools to close in on the essence of celestial phenomena and nucleosynthesis ? -
We have demonstrated the generation of fully-stripped iron ions and have accelerated them at once up to 20% of the speed of light by use of ultra-intense laser. This method makes it possible for us to extract exotic nulcei, for which we could not so far due to thier short life-time even if we could create them in laboratory. It is expected to open up doors for the study of the nuclear physics and the analythis.
Elucidation of the Structural Basis for Acceptor-Substrate Recognition of a Glucosyltransferase Involved in the Biosynthesis of Blue Flower Pigments －First Observation of the Anthocyanidin-Bound Form of the Enzyme－
Crystal structures of Ct3GT-A and its unstable acceptor-substrate bound forms, involved in the biosynthesis of blue flower pigments, were determined. Further developments of Ct3GT-A based on this structural information will contribute to the enzymatic production of novel organic pigments or pharmaceutical candidates.
The 3GeV Rapid Cycling Synchrotron in J-PARC was greatly improved its performance －1-MW equivalent beam was demonstrated successfully in acceleration－
On January 10, at the 3GeV Rapid Cycling Synchrotron (RCS), design performance of 1MW equivalent of beam power was demonstrated successfully in acceleration. This achievement is the highest performance among rapid cycling synchrotron in the world. It can be expected to progress in researches with this achievement in the field of material science, life science, particle physics, and nuclear physics in J-PARC.
"Aggregated" DNA lesions are produced by heavy ion irradiation. - we successfully observed nanometer-range distribution of lesions on irradiated DNA. -
We found that "aggeregated DNA lesions" in DNA irradiated with a heavy ion beam. The findings in distribution of lesions on DNA induced by ionizing radiation enebles us to estimate space radiation effects on human body and are useful for sophisticating heavy ion cancer therapy.
Advanced x-ray spectroscopy unveiled working electrons: opening a route to efficient intelligent catalysts
The research group developed resonant inelastic x-ray scattering, which is an advanced x-ray spectroscopy to detect precise electron dynamics of a catalyst under working condition and applied the technique to measured two types of platinum-based automotive catalysts ? conventional and intelligent. They found that an electron transfer between platinum nanoparticle and substrate is at the heart of the durability of the intelligent catalysts and controls the efficiency of adsorbing reactant molecules.
Date:2014/12/22 | Nuclear Science and Engineering Research Center
Demonstration of a novel NDA Technique of Uranium Accountancy for Nuclear Waste Drums
It is very impotant for operators of nuclear activities to measure accurately the total amount of uranium mass in nuclear waste drums from the standpoint of uranium accontacy. However, the measurement values in the conventional measurement methods such as the passive γ-ray or neutron measurement, are strongly influenced by the distribution of the matrix and Uranium in the drum and varies several times even though the same uranium mass is contained in a drum. We have therefore developed a novel technique, so called Fast Neutron Direct Interrogation method, and successfully demonstrated that uranium mass in a waste drum could be determined by the method more accurately and rapidly than the conventional methods.
Date:2014/12/19 | Advanced Science Research Center
Switching of electric- and magnetic flow in metal: Possible application of spin thermopower
The charge current can be converted to the spin current by the spin Hall effect. We have theoretically shown that, in copper doped with a tiny amount of iridium, the sign of this effect is changed by the electron-electron repulsion.
Date:2014/12/18 | Nuclear Hydrogen and Heat Application Center
Start of Coordinated Research Project (CRP) in IAEA for the development of international safety standards for High Temperature Gas-cooled Reactor (Announcement)
Safety requirements for the design of commercial High Temperature Gas-cooled Reactors (HTGRs), which incorporate the attractive HTGR safety features demonstrated using the High Temperature Engineering Test Reactor (HTTR), has been drafted in the research committee on safety design guideline for HTGR under Atomic Energy Society of Japan. JAEA started the Coordinated Research Project (CRP) in IAEA and will develop the international safety requirements for the design of HTGRs based on the Japanese safety requirements.
Date:2014/12/12 | Advanced Science Research Center
Mechanism of heat flow bended by magnetic field: Toward control of heat flow by magnet
The phonon Hall effect means that the heat flow in a non-magnetic insulator is bended by a magnetic field. We have clarified that this effect is induced by an asymmetric scattering of phonon by a tiny amount of magnetic impurities involved in the sample.
Date:2014/11/14 | Advanced Science Research Center
Recovery of radioactive cesium from incinerated sewage sludge ash - Paving the way for disposal of incinerated sludge ash containing radioactive materials -
For the sewage sludge ash radioactively contaminated by the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Accident, we have succeeded in recovering in more than 90% of radioactive cesium from the ash by dissolving the ash in hydrochloric acid after pulverizing to several hundred nanometer in size.
Understanding the Mechanism by which Radioactive Cesium is Absorbed into the Soil－Structural changes of clay minerals absorbing radioactive cesium－
We elucidated the mechanism of Cs adsorption in vermiculite clay, which is one of the components of soils. The findings obtained will contribute for predicting the environmental fate of radioactive Cs in contaminated soil, which is important for radiation protection and decontamination.
Date:2014/10/30 | Nuclear Science and Engineering Center
Innovative technology contributing a lot to rare earth and minor metal recycling －Recovery of rare earth elements from waste materials with high purity, low cost and high efficiency－
The waste of optical lens material used for camera and eyeglasses contains a large amount of rare earth elements. By using "emulsion flow" metod, that was developed as a new method for the purification of radioactive waste solutions, we have succeeded to recover rare earth elements with purity 99.999% (five nine) from their acid solutions obtained by eluting rare earth elements from the optical lens waste material with low cost and high efficiency.
Unexpected site occupation of deuterium atoms in iron －Finding the site occupancy of interstitial deuterium atom in a face-centered cubic iron by in-situ neutron diffraction －
Unexpected occupation of deuterium atoms in an iron metal with a face-centered cubic (fcc) lattice was discovered. We utilized the high pressure neutron diffractometer PLANET at the Materials and Life Science Experimental Facility (MLF) in J-PARC, and succeeded in the in-situ neutron diffraction measurements on the deuterization process of an fcc iron up to 6.3 GPa and 988 K. The in-situ neutron diffraction experiment discovered that the occupation state of the deuterium atoms was different from established one. These results provide implications for the light elements in the Earth's core and the mechanism of hydrogen embrittlement of ferrous metals.
New mottled electronic state. -New high performance nuclear material under magnetic field-
Coexistence of two electronic states is discovered in Yb-based compound. Interestingly, this mottled electronic state can be modified by applied magnetic field.
Date:2014/8/4 | Nuclear Hydrogen and Heat Application Center
JAEA and National Nuclear Energy Agency, Indonesia (BATAN) signed the Annex of Arrangement regarding HTGR development (Announcement)
The Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) and National Nuclear Energy Agency, Indonesia (BATAN) signed “Cooperation on Research and Development regarding High Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor (HTGR)” of the Arrangement. Under this Arrangement, JAEA will contribute BATAN’s HTGR program with knowledge and experience acquired in developing HTGR using the High Temperature Engineering Test Reactor (HTTR) operating.
Discover of new magnetic phenomena in ferromagnetic U-based superconductor -Mechanism for the coexistence of superconductivity and ferromagnetism-
UGe2 is unique since the superconductivity and ferromagnetism coexist. New magnetic criticality is discovered around the ferromagnetic transition in this compound.
Identification of exotic electronic state of U compound induced by magnetic field. -NMR in the world-highest static magnetic field-
The exotic magnetically ordered state of URu2Si2 in high magnetic field is identified using NMR under the world-highest static magnetic field at the national high magnetic field laboratory in USA.
Direct observation of nuclear spin by mechanical rotation: nano-mechanics utilizing spin
We have established the method to analyze a nuclear spin in materials rotating with 10kHz by nuclear magnetic resonance method. Using this new method, we have directly measured the effect of high-speed rotation on nuclears.
Date:2014/5/2 | Nuclear Science and Engineering Research Center
Demonstration of a novel NDA Technique of Uranium Accountancy for Nuclear Waste Drums
It is very impotant for operators of nuclear activities to measure accurately the total amount of uranium mass in nuclear waste drums from the standpoint of uranium accontacy. However, the measurement values in the conventional measurement methods such as the passive γ-ray or neutron measurement, are strongly influenced by the distribution of the matrix and Uranium in the drum and varies several times even though the same uranium mass is contained in a drum. We have therefore developed a novel technique, so called Fast Neutron Direct Interrogation method, and successfully demonstrated that uranium mass in a waste drum could be determined by the method more accurately and rapidly than the conventional methods.
Date:2014/5/2 | Nuclear Science and Engineering Center
New technology for purification of radioactive liquid waste ～Removal of uranium from decontaminated waste solutions by using "emulsion flow" method～
Solvent extrcation that is a method to extract and remove a target component selectively from an aqueous solution to an organic solution can be employed when a radioactive material such as uranium has to be removed from radioactive waste solutions. We have developed a new solvent extraction method named "emulsion flow" where high performance, low cost and ease in handling go together. By connecting three emulsion flow apparatuses, we have verified selectively removing 99.9% uranium from decontaminated waste solutions.
Electron dynamics in copper oxide superconductors unveiled by three inelastic-scattering techniques
The research group performed inelastic scattering using three quantum beams: soft x-ray (at ID08 of ESRF), neutron (at BL01 of J-PARC) and hard x-ray (at BL11XU of SPring-8), each of which has recently achieved technical progress, and observed spin and charge excitations in electron-doped copper oxide superconductors. Although high-Tc superconductivity in the copper oxides shows up upon both electron and hole dopings, the excitations in the electron-doped superconductors are found to differ substantially from those in hole-doped ones and have highly itinerant character. These findings impose constraints on theoretical models and an adequate description of the electronic excitations in the electron- and hole-doped copper oxides is a prerequisite for complete understanding of the superconductivity.
Successful three-dimensional visualization of local structures of relaxor ferroelectric by X-ray fluorescence holography
A three-dimensional local structure of a typical relaxor ferroelectric has been successfully clarified at atomic level by X-ray fluorescence holography. The origin of the high functionality of the relaxor ferroelectrics will be identified, leading to a breakthrough in the realization of high-performance ferroelectric materials with excellent dielectric and piezoelectric properties without using hazardous materials such as Pb.
Total reflection high-energy positron diffraction; Ultimate surface structure analysis
Total reflection high-energy positron diffraction (TRHEPD) has been improved by enhancing the brightness of positron beam. The observation of a Si(111) crystal confirmed the surface sensitivity of TRHEPD.
DNA damage induces aberrations in normal chromosomes in a living cell
We revealed that DNA damage induced by irradiation could cause certain types of aberration not only in the irradiated but also unirradiated normal chromosomes in a living cell. The evidences suggest that there is a novel effect of DNA damage to propagate its influence around the damage site through a complex mechanism.
